Work Permits 工作签证
Preamble 前言
WP can be long topic and not all possibilities will be explained here. This is mainly a technical resource.
Work Type 工作类型
What is work? 什么是工作？
“Work” is defined in the Regulations as an activity for which wages are paid or commission is earned, or that competes directly with activities of Canadian citizens or permanent residents in the Canadian labour market. 法规中将“工作”定义为支付工资或赚取佣金的活动，或与加拿大公民或加拿大永久性居民在加拿大劳动力市场中的活动直接竞争的活动。
"work" means an activity for which wages are paid or commission is earned. (PR context) “工作”是指为其支付工资或赚取佣金的活动。 （PR前提下）
Certain work like activities may not require WPs, but it suggest that PA be on the safe side even in innocuous situations. 诸如活动之类的某些工作可能不需要WP，但是，即使在无害的情况下，PA也应保持安全。
- can work w/out WP: e.g. waiting for PGWP, business visitors, etc. 可以在不使用WP的情况下工作：例如 等待PGWP，商务访问者等
- need WP but not LMIA: e.g. OWP, ICT, etc. 需要WP，但不需要LMIA：例如 OWP，ICT等
- need WP & LMIA: LMIA-OO; more information on the LMIA page 需要WP和LMIA：LMIA-OO； LMIA页面上的更多信息
PA can express PR interest. Regardless of WP type, all PAs need to prove PA可以表达PR的兴趣。 不论WP类型，所有PA都需要证明
- Leave Canada by the specified date unless authorized 除非获得授权，否则在指定日期之前离开加拿大
- Not to work or study unless authorized 除非得到授权，否则不得工作或学习
- get Visa and medical examination as required 除非得到授权，否则不得工作或学习
- Proof of funds/financial support 资金证明/财务支持
Applying @ POE 正在申请@ POE
PA can apply at POE, though some POEs require an appointment or have certain service hours. If the PA has implied status, it may better if PA stays in Canada and apply online. Some app't have been denied both a WP and entry into Canada. In any instance, entry/exit decisions are at the CBSA officers' discretion: e.g. excluding entry due to COVID concerns. Applying at a POE is quicker: results w/in the day. PA可以在POE上申请，尽管某些POE需要预约或有一定的服务时间。如果PA具有隐含身份，则PA留在加拿大并在线申请可能会更好。某些应用程序未同时遭到WP和加拿大的拒绝。在任何情况下，进/出决定均由CBSA官员决定：排除由于COVID问题引起的输入。在POE上申请更快：一天中可获得结果。
General Docs checklist 通用文档清单
- proof PA does not need TRV to enter Canada: e.g. PA has a VV 证明PA不需要TRV即可进入加拿大： PA有VV
- LMIA/IMP JO number (if applicable) LMIA / IMP JO编号（如果适用）
- proof that you meet the qualifications and experience for the job you will do in Canada: e.g. certifications, resume, reference letters, JO, etc. 证明您符合在加拿大从事的工作的资格和经验：例如证明，简历，推荐信，JO等
- proof that you do not need an LMIA for the job you will do, if applicable; 如果适用，证明您不需要LMIA；
- a valid medical certificate: e.g. PA from a designated country, work in a health related sector, etc. 有效的医疗证明：例如来自指定国家/地区的PA，在卫生相关部门工作，等等。
- a valid passport or other travel document 有效护照或其他旅行证件
- fees paid: proof of ECF, OWP fee, etc. 支付的费用：ECF证明，OWP费用等。
PA can call 1-800-461 -9999 for all CBSA Border questions and book appointments. Note that outside regular business hours, CBSA may only have automated telephone service. 对于所有CBSA边境问题和预约，PA可以致电1-800-461 -9999。请注意，在正常工作时间以外，CBSA可能仅提供自动电话服
Applying online 在线申请
PA can apply at a visa application centre, but IRCC is pushing for all online app'n. There are advantages. PA可以在签证申请中心进行申请，但是IRCC正在推动所有在线应用的申请。 有优势。
- implied status: if PA applies PGWP before WP expires, PA can continue to work, except for changing IEC WPs types: e.g. Young Professionals →Working Holiday 默示状态：如果PA在WP到期之前应用PGWP，则PA可以继续工作，但更改IEC WP类型除外： 青年专业人员→工作假期
- restoration: if PA applies restoration, the PA can stay in Canada, but cannot work 恢复：如果巴勒斯坦权力机构申请恢复，巴勒斯坦权力机构可以留在加拿大，但不能运作
- discretion: officers may have limited time at POE, but online officers can take more factors into account 酌情权：警官在POE的时间可能有限，但是在线警官可以考虑更多因素
- convenience: can be done anywhere with internet 便利性：可以在任何地方通过互联网完成
One downside is it takes longer to get the WP. So apply early. IRCC routinely sends app'n to various visa posts as a way to manage caseloads. 缺点是获得WP需要更长的时间。 因此，请尽早申请。 IRCC通常会将app'n发送到各种签证处，以管理案件量。
General Docs Checklist 一般文件清单
Common Refusal Reasons 常见拒绝原因
- PA is unlikely to leave Canada after authorized stay: e.g. made statements that they will only leave if forced by IRCC &/ CBSA, non-compliance and loss of implied status, etc. PA不太可能在获准逗留后离开加拿大：发表声明说，只有在IRCC和/或CBSA，违规和隐含身份丧失等情况下，他们才会离开。
- PA inadequate language skills: e.g. unable to answer CBSA officer's questions at the POE PA语言能力不足：例如无法在POE上回答CBSA官员的问题
- PA needs medical exam PA需要体检
- PA &/ ER fails to show ability to fulfill JO: e.g. PA lacks certifications, ER is found to have insufficient funds, etc. PA＆/ ER无法表现出满足JO的能力：例如PA缺少认证，ER被发现资金不足等。
- ER &/ PA dishonest about WP app'n: e.g. ER cannot be reached during key interview stages, documents look fraudulent, etc. ER＆/ PA对WP app'n不诚实：例如在关键面试阶段无法达到ER，文档看起来是欺诈性的，等等
- ER &/ PA's history including poor compliance with regional laws, not fulfilling LMIA/IMP commitments, etc. ER＆/ PA的历史，包括不遵守区域法律，未履行LMIA / IMP承诺等。
- PA, despite having a valid LMIA, lacks experience/skills to fulfill the JO PA，尽管拥有有效的LMIA，但缺乏完成JO的经验/技能
Make sure that for each app'n 确保每个app'n
- no errors/conflicting information/illogical docs or story 没有错误/有冲突的信息/不合逻辑的文档或故事
- sufficient supporting docs that are strong and relevant 足够强大且相关的支持文档
- PA & ER be familiar w/ all aspects of the app'n PA＆ER，熟悉app'n的所有方面
- PA & ER use the correct forms and docs: e.g. no expired passports, etc. PA＆ER使用正确的表格和文档：例如没有过期的护照等
- PA & ER should not have conflicting information PA＆ER的信息不应冲突
- answer the officer's questions respectfully, honestly, and clearly; hesitancy and doubt is a -ve factor 尊重，诚实和清楚地回答官员的问题；犹豫和怀疑是一个-ve因素
- offer information when asked 询问时提供信息
- PA & ER respond to questions and requests in a timely fashion PA＆ER及时回答问题和要求
- ER should not be afraid to make biz information public: e.g. have a web site, etc. ER不应该害怕公开商务信息：例如有一个网站等
Consequences and Recourse of Working Improperly 后果和不当工作的追索权
PAs that are doing unauthorized work may 进行未经授权的工作的PA可能会
- not able to reapply for WP >= 6 months later 6个月后无法重新申请WP
- banned from Canada for 2-5 years 被加拿大禁止2-5年
Doing unpaid work does not mean PA is working legally. Only recourse is for JR or refile new WP app'n. 从事无薪工作并不意味着PA合法。 仅追索权适用于JR或重新提交新的WP app'n。
Check with the RCIC before engaging in work. 从事工作之前，请先咨询RCIC。
Sources: Immigration, Refugee, and Citizenship Canada
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